A is the amplitude, which is half the vertical distance between the peak (86) and the trough (38).
The period, T, is 12 months.
The vertical shift is the y-value about which the sine curve oscillates i.e. it is the "middle" of the curve in the vertical direction.
The offset angle of pi is there because the function starts going in the negative y-direction rather than positive y-direction.
Does this help?