If it's an exam question, often it has been designed so you'll be able to see one solution by inspection, e.g., try various easy possibilities such as ½, ¼, 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, and their negatives. Once you know one solution, call it k, then use division by (x-k) to end up with a quadratic and solve that using the memorized formula.
If the problem hasn't been designed for easy solution, then I'm afraid you're SOOL.
☹ ☹ ☹