For the function f(x) = x2, the function f(x) = (x - h)2 represents a horizontal translation of h units.
For example: f(x) = x2 has a vertex at (0,0)
f(x) = (x - 3)2 has a vertex at (3,0)
f(x) = (x + 5)2 has a vertex at (-5,0)
All of these are congruent to each other and open upward.