1. The first statement shows that 5000 + x/100 * 5000 + (x/100)^2 * 5000 ... (x/100)^6 *5000 = 10000. I believe you can solve that. Then, plug it on the 300 dollars, which will look like 300 + x/100 * 300 + (x/100)^2 * 300 .... (x/100)^n * 300 = 9600, where n is number you are looking for.
2. Unclear of what you are asking for. If you are asking for \(3^{2c+1} = 28\cdot 3^{c-9}\), the answer is in some really ugly ln form. If you are asking for \(3^2 c + 1 = 28 \cdot 3^c -9,\) then it is also really ugly. Please specify what your equation is asking for.