You are being too obtuse for me I am afraid David.
Here the factor 5y2, on the right, has an additional prime. One side of the equation has an odd number and the other has an even number. Composite numbers cannot have both an even and odd number of prime factors because all composite numbers have a unique prime factorization.
$$x^2=5y^2$$
additional prime to what?
One side has an odd number do you mean of factors?
---------------------------------------------------
Umm. Is this what you are saying?
x^2 has an odd number of factors where as 5y^2 has an even number of factors.
This is impossible because they are the same number and must have the same number of factors
Therefore there are no integers x and y that meet this criterion.
Therefore sqrt5 is not rational
Therefore sqrt5 is irrational.
------------------------------------------------------------