Your question is at least twofold.
Lets assume that mathematics exist somewhere, besides the human mind, or any intelligent mind terrestrial or not. Then, if mathematics would somehow be made to disappear from that mysterious space where they live, the natural laws would probably cease to function correctly. Nothing would be henceforth predictable, and it would probably be a big mess for everyone. That is, planets, stars, galaxies, and the entire universe would exhibit a strange behavior, not anyone we have encountered.
There would be no order, only chaos.
Lets now assume that mathematics are just a creation of the human (or generally an enough intelligent) mind. If they would disappear, or if likewise we would be no more able to think mathematically, use and create mathematics, human civilization would probably be driven to a disaster. Computer programs would not work correctly (and none would be able to find out why), planes would crash, economies would explode, and everything would just go ... very wrong.
Thus, one can come up to the conclusion that mathematics, be it a creation or not, are of crucial importance for our existence.
