Adding on to catmg's post:
If you know 2048, you know 2^6 = 64.
And also 19^2 is memorizable, it's 361.
But note that 64 = 8^2, so it's really just (8 * 19)^2, which is 152^2.
Then 2 * 3^3 * 5^3 = 125 * 2 * 27, or 250 * 27, and you can use the x25 rule to get 6750.
152^2 = 152 * 152 = 04 _ (15 * 2 + 15 * 2) + 15^2 = 04 _ 60 + 225 = 23104, by LOIFing.
Thus, easy subtraction to get 16354. Divide it by 2 (long division) and reach 8177, which is easily divisible by 13, = 629, which is easily divisible by 17, 37, which is a prime.
And as none of the other factors 152 or 98 are divisible by 37, the answer is 37!!!