v = < 1, - 1 >
w = < 1, 2 >
v1 = [ v (dot) w ] / l w l^2 * < w >
v(dot) w = 1* 1 + 2* -1 = 1 - 2 = -1
l w l = sqrt (1^2 + 5^2) = sqrt (5) l w l ^2 = 5
So......
v1 = -1 / (5) * <1, 2 > = < -1/5, -2/ 5 >
v2 = v - v1 = < 1 - -1/5, -1 - - 2/5 > = < 1 + 1/5, -1 + 2/5 > = < 6/5,-3/5 >
Check
Sum of v1 and v2 = < -1/5 + 6/5, -2/5 + - 3/5 > = < 1 -1 > = v
