1st question:
The first blank is the factored out form of \((x^2 - y^2)^2\), which is \(x^4 -2x^{2}y^2 + y^4\).
The second blank is achieved by combining like terms. \(2x^4 - 2x^{2}y^2 + 2y^2\).
The third blank is just factoring \(2x^4 - 2x^{2}y^2 + 2y^2\) into \(2(x^4 - x^{2}y^2 + y^2)\) by taking out \(2\).
I solved the second one 1 day ago...
1) Distributive Prop
2) Division Prop of =
3) Multipliation Prop of =
Hope this helps,
- PM