How do I get a number on the outside of the square root symbol?

you would need to factor out something from within the radical. 

 

For example take sqrt(50)=sqrt(25)sqrt(2)   notice that 25(2)=50 so we are just factoring and giving each fraction its own radical.  if we simplify the sware root of 25 then we get

 

5sqrt(2)  whcih is not a simplified radical.