square root of 40
you have to look for a square number that goes into 40
squared numbers are
1, 4, 9 ,16, 25, 36,49, etc do you understand where they come from?
1 is no help anyway and the only other one is 4.
$$\sqrt{40}=\sqrt{4\times 10}=\sqrt4\times \sqrt{10}=2\times \sqrt{10}=
2\sqrt{10}$$
Say you were asked to simplify $${\sqrt{{\mathtt{55}}}}$$
Well the only factors (besides 1 and itself) are 11 and 5
neither 11, nor 5 are square numbers. There are no squar numbers that go into 55 so
$$\sqrt{55}$$ cannot be simplified.
I hope that helps :)