Here's the first
HS / HK = DY / DL
32 / 15 = DY / 24 multiply both sides by 24
24 * 32 / 15 = DY
(8/5)*32 = DY = 51.2
Here's the second
We can find the scale factor thusly :
JK / EF = 11.2 / 28 = 2/5 = .4
For the third....it's lengthy....I am going to show you how to find one vertex in the new figure.....I'll let you find the other three....if you get stuck...let me know
Let's call one vertex in the "before" figure - (-4,3) - A
Here's the formula to get A'
New vertex = [ vertex point - dilation center ] * scale factor + dilation center
So we have
A ' = [ (-4, 3) - (7 , - 2) ] * 2 + ( -7, - 2)
A' = [ (-11, 5 ) ] *2 + ( -7, -2)
A' = (-22, 10) + ( -7, -2)
A' = (-29, 8)
Now...just apply the same procedure separately to the other 3 vertices of the "before" figure to find the "after" points