We can do this with a "formula"
New point = [ old point - center of dilation ] (scale factor) + center of dilation
First one
New point = [ ( 2,4) - (0,0)] (1/2) + (0,0) = [ 2,4](1/2) + (0,0) = (1,2)
New point = [ ( -2, 8) - (0,0) ] (1/2) + (0,0) = [ -2,8](1/2) + (0,0) = (-1, 4)
New point = [ (-4, 2) - (0,0)](1/2) + (0,0) = [-4,2](1/2) + (0,0) = (-2, 1)
Here's the graph:
Here's the second one
New point =
[ (1, 4) - (-3, 1) ] (2) + (-3, 1) = [ 4, 3 ](2) + (-3,1) = [ 8, 6] + (-3, 1) = ( 5, 7)
New point =
[ (2, 2) - (-3,1)](2) + (-3, 1) = [ 5, 1](2) + (-3, 1) = [ 10,2] + (-3, 1) = (7, 3)
New point
[ (-3, 3) - (-3, 1)](2) + (-3,1) = [ 0, 2] (2) + (-3,1) = [ 0, 4] + (-3, 1) = (-3, 5)
Here's the image
See if you can do the last one....