i'm not CPhill, but here is my take on this problem:
first, let's expand and simplify the expression -
pq + 3q + 4p + 12 - (pq + q + 2p + 2) = 44
pq + 3q + 4p + 12 - pq - q - 2p - 2 = 44
2q + 2p + 10 = 44
2q + 2p = 34
and when we divide both sides of the equation by 2, we get p + q = 17.
hope this helped! please let me know if you are confused about anything i did