There is no greatest common factor.
First, get 0 on one side.
x^2 + 16x - 22 = 0
Factors of 22: (22, 1) and (11, 2)
We see that there is no factors of 22 that add/subtract to get 16.
Complete the square:
x^2 + 16x + 64 = 86
(x + 8)^2 = 86
\(x + 8 = \pm\sqrt{86}\)
\(x = -8 \pm \sqrt{86}\)