For a positive integer $n$, $\phi(n)$ denotes the number of positive integers less than or equal to $n$ that are relatively prime to $n$.

$$\small{
\begin{array}{l}
\text{For a positive integer }$n$ \text{, }
$\varphi(n)$ denotes the number of positive integers\\
\text{less than or equal to } $n$ \text{ that are relatively prime to } $n$.\text{ What is }$\varphi(2^{100})$?
\end{array}
}$$

$$\small{
\begin{array}{rcl}
\text{Prime Factorization: }$2^{100} &=& \textcolor[rgb]{1,0,0}{2}^{100}$\\\\
$\varphi( 2^{100} ) &=& 2^{100}\cdot (1-\frac{1}{\textcolor[rgb]{1,0,0}{2}})\\\\
\varphi(2^{100}) &=& 2^{100}\cdot\frac12\\\\
\mathbf{ \varphi(2^{100})} &\mathbf{=}& \mathbf{2^{99}}=633~825~300~114~114~700~748~351~602~688$\\
\end{array}
}$$

I do not understand what you are doing with these questions Heureka  

I think Nauseated predicted the future

Remember when my good friend Heather joined?

This is what Nauseated told Heather Feather her very first day besides welcome:

This site is devoted to the cutting edge developments of theoretical and applied mathematics. You will find amazing ideas and concepts on here. In fact, some of the concepts are so advanced it requires a unique universe for them to function.

-Nauseated

I think this is what Nauseated meant. Not only of my number thingys or Beyonce rules, but also Heureka's unique universe

i think Nauseated may be a fortune teller, a witch at witchcraft, or the oracle of something from Greece

Oh, btw, 3 is an evil number thingy

.

$$\Displaystyle
\Text ${Heureka's universe intersects this universe via Euler's totient function. Specifically, Euler's product formula.
The solution counts the positive integers less than or equal to (n) that are relatively prime to (n).}$$

$$\varphi(n) =n \prod \limits_{p\mid n}\; \left(1-\frac{1}{p}\right)$$

$$\text {If p is prime and k} \geq 1 \; then}$$

$$\varphi(p^k) = p^k -p^{k-1} =p^{k-1}(p-1) = p^k \left( 1 - \frac{1}{p} \right).$$

$$\text {Heureka's solution for the above question indicates the principal} \

\text {prime is 2, and half the sequential integers are coprime to 2.}\

\text {This is clearly observable. Half the numbers are odd and}\

\text {2 is coprime to all odd numbers. }\\$$

Thanks Nauseated but surely no two even numbers can be coprime even if one of them is 2.

Heureka's last answer seemed to include two.

I think the question was how many co-prime numbers are there of 12 and x where x is a positive integer less than 12.

I thought these would be 5,7, and 11    BUT Heureka said that there were 4 of them :(

I assume he was including 2, but why would 2 be included?

You are referring to this.

http://web2.0calc.com/questions/for-a-positive-integer-n-phi-n-denotes-the-number-of-positive-integers-less-than-or-equal-to-n-that-are-relatively-prime-to-n-wh

Where Heureka’s solution is also correct.

The solution set for the totient always includes (1), and the highest value is equal to (n-1) when n is prime.

YES

http://web2.0calc.com/questions/for-a-positive-integer-n-phi-n-denotes-the-number-of-positive-integers-less-than-or-equal-to-n-that-are-relatively-prime-to-n-wh

So the set includes 1, 5, 7 and 11  ?

That is correct. If you list all of them for this question, I will tell you if you are correct. :)

Thank you Nauseated

I would but I would not want to test you checking ability.  Plus, I am helping Chris look for the Roman zero so I am a bit busy at present.  

I have included this thread under [advanced number theory]

in our

"Reference Material" sticky thread     

Nauseated’s reply is correct then? It does not have a checkmark or points for his reply.

You are right squareroot.  Thank you for making us aware of this oversight :)