First one :
Since we have a segment parallel to a base of a triangle,the sides are in equal proportion...so....
121/ 11 = (5x + 10) / 10
11 = (5x + 10) / 10 multiply both sides by 10
110 = 5x + 10 subtract 10 from both sides
100 = 5x divide both sides by 5
20 = x