A semicircle and circle inscribed inside a square. Find the radius of the circle.
From the center of the small circle draw a perpendicular to the bottom edge of the square
.....the distance = 4-r = A
From the center of the semi-circle draw a segment to the point where the first segment intersects the base
.....this distance is 2-r = B
Connect the center of the small circle to the center of the semi-circle....the distance is 2 + r = C
We have a right triangle such that
C^2 = A^2 + B^2
(2 + r)^2 = (4- r)^2 + (2-r)^2 simplify
r^2 + 4r + 4 = r^2 -8r + 16 + r^2 - 4r + 4
r^2 + 4r + 4 = 2r^2 - 12r + 20
r^2 - 16r + 16 = 0
r^2 -16r = -16
r^2 -16r + 64 = -16 + 64
(r - 8)^2 = 48
r - 8 = sqrt (48) or r - 8 = -sqrt (48)
The first value for r is too large
The second value produces r = 8 -sqrt (48) ≈ 1.07