a radioactive substance is produced from nuclear fallout. If 600g of the substance decays to 250g in 20 years what is its half-life?
N = N0e^(ln(2)*t/T) where t is time and T is half life
250 = 600e^(-ln(2)*20/T)
Divide by 600 and take logs
ln(25/60) = -ln((2)*20/T
Rearrange
T = -ln(2)*20/ln(25/60) years. ≈ 15.8 years
Another way:
Remaining = Original ( e^(-kt) ) where 'k' is a decay constant
250 = 600 e^(-k * 20) yields k = .0437734
1/2 of 600 is 300 so substitue to find 't1/2'
300 = 600 e^(-.0437734 *t)
ln (300/600) = -.0437734 * t
t= 15.835 years (t1/2)