Per definition of a parallelogram we can see that the two triangles are of exact same size and angles. We also know that the angles of a triangle add up to 180, we can therefore find y by subtracting 33 and 109 from 180.
Because those triangles are similar we can see z and 109 are the same.
We can solve for x the same way by using the similarity principles or by using the fact that a triangle's sum of angles is 180.