If two observers are watching a climber on the opposite face of the chasm. The chasm is 81 feet wide. When observer A looks down to the bottom of the opposite wall of the chasm, he must look down at an angle of depression of 51 degrees. However, observer A sees the climber at an angle of depression of 20 degrees. Observer will see the climber at what angle of elevation?
I'm going to assume that observer B is at the bottom of the chasm, on the same side as observer A.
In this case:
The height of the chasm is given by 81*tan(51°)
The height of the climber is given by 81*tan(θ) where θ is the as yet unknown angle of elevation of the climber as seen by observer B.
The distance of the climber below the top of the chasm is given by 81*tan(20°).
Since the last two added together must equal the height of the chasm we have:
81*tan(θ) + 81*tan(20°) = 81*tan(51°)
tan(θ) + tan(20°) = tan(51°)
tan(θ) = tan(51°) - tan(20°)
θ = tan-1(tan(51°) - tan(20°))
$$\underset{\,\,\,\,^{\textcolor[rgb]{0.66,0.66,0.66}{360^\circ}}}{{tan}}^{\!\!\mathtt{-1}}{\left(\underset{\,\,\,\,^{\textcolor[rgb]{0.66,0.66,0.66}{360^\circ}}}{{tan}}{\left({\mathtt{51}}^\circ\right)}{\mathtt{\,-\,}}\underset{\,\,\,\,^{\textcolor[rgb]{0.66,0.66,0.66}{360^\circ}}}{{tan}}{\left({\mathtt{20}}^\circ\right)}\right)} = {\mathtt{41.053\: \!483\: \!814\: \!122^{\circ}}}$$
so θ ≈ 41°
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