Log?

Log is sort of the inverse of exponents. They're pretty difficult to explain.

In mathematics, the logarithm is the inverse operation to exponentiation. That means the logarithm of a number is the exponent to which another fixed number, the base, must be raised to produce that number. In simple cases the logarithm counts factors in multiplication. For example, the base 10 logarithm of 1000 is 3, as 10 to the power 3 is 1000 (1000 = 10 × 10 × 10 = 103); 10 is used as a factor three times. More generally, exponentiation allows any positive real number to be raised to any real power, always producing a positive result, so the logarithm can be calculated for any two positive real numbers b and x where b is not equal to 1. The logarithm of x to base b, denoted logb(x), is the unique real number y such that by = x. For example, log2(64) = 6, as 64 = 26.

~ WikiPedia

Wow thanks that IS complicated!!

A log is an index

\(1og_{10}100=2\qquad because \qquad 10^2=100\)

If log is written without the subscript then you can assume it is base 10 so

\(1og100=2\qquad because \qquad 10^2=100\)