1.
[ Sarah's point total - 17 ]
____________________ = 2.8 multiply both sides by 4
4
Sarah's point total - 17 = 11.2 add 17 to both sides
Sarah's point total = 28.2
2. A z-score of 2.8 means that she scored more points than about 99.74% of the participants.....this would be considered very unusual