+502 a= 1.3mm \(\pm\) 0.1mm
b= 2.8mm \(\pm\) 0.2mm
c= 0.8mm \(\pm\) 0.1mm
Calculate \(Q=\frac{ab^2}{\sqrt{c}}\) with its uncertainty.
+118667 a= 1.3mm \(\pm\) 0.1mm so a is between 1.2 and 1.4mm
b= 2.8mm \(\pm\) 0.2mm b is between 2.6 and 3.0mm b^2 is between 6.76 and 9.0 mm^2
c= 0.8mm \(\pm\) 0.1mm c is between 0.7 and 0.9mm sqrt(c) is between 0.836 rounded down and 0.987 rounded up
Calculate \(Q=\frac{ab^2}{\sqrt{c}}\) with its uncertainty.
ab^2 is between 1.2*6.76 and 1.4*9 mm^3 ... ab^2 is between 8.112 and 12.6 mm^3
ab^2/sqrtc is between 8.112/0.987 and 12.6/0.836 mm^3/mm^0.5.......
ab^2/sqrtc is between 8.218 rounded down and 15.072 rounded up mm^2.5
(8.218+15.072)/2 = 11.645
so the average is 11.64, the smallest is 11.645-3.427=8.218 and the biggest is 11.645+3.427=15.072
So that is 11.645 pm 3.427 approx but this degree of accuracy is not valid and I am not sure what would be valid.
I'd say maybe
11.6 \pm 3.5 OR 12 \pm 4 would be reasonable.
I'm going with 12 pm 4 but I expect there is a more defined way of chosing the degree of uncertainty that is scientifically valid.
+2489 The following presentation is adapted from conversational dialogues with Lancelot Link for stochastic measurement errors in the physical sciences.
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To calculate the error range for uncorrelated and random errors, use Gauss’s equations for normal distribution of errors. Using the Gauss equations, gives a 68% confidence interval the measurement error is within this range.
Here are some basic derivatives from the Gauss equations:
\(\small \text{If Q is a combination of sums and/or differences, then the sigma (error) of Q is equal to } \\ \sigma Q = \sqrt{(\sigma a)^2 + (\sigma b)^2 . . . + (\sigma x)^2 . . . } \\ \text{If } Q = b^2 \text{ then } \sigma Q = 2(\sigma (b)) \text{ where } \sigma (b) \text{ is the error of (b)}\\ \text{If } Q = \sqrt{(b)} \text{ then }\sigma Q = \frac{1}{2} (\sigma (b)) \text{ where } \sigma (b) \text{ is the error of (b)}\\ \text{Note how the exponent becomes the multiplier of the error.}\\ \small \text {For this equation, the easiest method is to calculate each error as a }\\ \small \text {decimal and then use the sum of the decimals to calculate the error range. }\\ \text {Uncertainties (In decimal) for a, b, and c. }\\ a_1 = \frac{0.1}{1.3} = 0.0769\\ b_1 = (2)\frac{0.2}{2.8} = 0.1428\\ c_1 = (0.5)\frac{0.1}{0.8} = 0.0625\\ Q= \frac{1.3 \times (2.8)^2}{\sqrt {0.8}} = 11.4 \pm ((0.0769 + 0.1428+ 0.0625) * (11.4))\\ Q= 11.4 \pm 3.2 \\ \small \text { note: pay attention to significant figures when recording the final error range. }\\ \\\)
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Relating to this question and others you’ve posted on here , another important thing you need to do is Stop being a lazy dolt!
I would have answered your chemistry questions, except I was too lazy. I caught this laziness from you—it’s more contagious than dumbness.
GA
