+0  
 
0
2566
1
avatar

Sled A and sled B, whose masses are 40.0kg and 80.0kg respectively, are attached by a massless bar. The sleds slide down a snow-covered hill that has an incline of 29.1° to the horizontal. The co-efficient of kinetic friction between the ground and sled A is 0.218 while that between the ground and sled B is 0.109. What is the tension in the bar? What is the acceleration of the sleds?

physics
 Oct 3, 2014

Best Answer 

 #1
avatar+33661 
+5

You write down all the forces on each mass, then resolve them parallel and perpendicular to the surface of the hill.  The perpendicular forces on each mass must balance; the net force down the hill must give rise to an acceleration (the same for both masses since they are rigidly fixed together).  

You don't say which mass is lower so I will assume mass A is lower (this will only affect the sign of the tension);

 

Mass A:

Perpendicular:   FNA = mAg*cos(θ)                    ...(1)

where FNA is normal force, mA is mass of A;  g is gravitational acceleration;  θ is angle to horizontal.

Parallel:           mA*a = mAg*sin(θ) - μAFNA - T  ...(2)

where a is acceleration; μA is coefficient of friction for mass A; T is tension in the bar.

 

Mass B:

Perpendicular:  FNB = mBg*cos(θ)   ...(3)

Parallel:           mB*a = mBg*sin(θ) - μBFNB + T  ...(4)

 

Use (1) in (2) and (3) in (4)

mA*a = mAg*sin(θ) - μAmAg*cos(θ) - T     ...(5)

mB*a = mBg*sin(θ) - μBmBg*cos(θ)  + T   ...(6)

 

Add equations (5) and (6):

(mA + mB)*a = (mA + mB)g*sin(θ) - (μAmA + μBmB)g*cos(θ)

or

a = g*sin(θ) -  (μAmA + μBmB)g*cos(θ)/(mA + mB)   ...(7)

 

Substitute (7) back into (5) or (6) and rearrange to get T.  I'll leave you to do this and to plug in the numbers (you should get something close to a ≈ 3.5m/s2 and T ≈ -25N)

 Oct 3, 2014
 #1
avatar+33661 
+5
Best Answer

You write down all the forces on each mass, then resolve them parallel and perpendicular to the surface of the hill.  The perpendicular forces on each mass must balance; the net force down the hill must give rise to an acceleration (the same for both masses since they are rigidly fixed together).  

You don't say which mass is lower so I will assume mass A is lower (this will only affect the sign of the tension);

 

Mass A:

Perpendicular:   FNA = mAg*cos(θ)                    ...(1)

where FNA is normal force, mA is mass of A;  g is gravitational acceleration;  θ is angle to horizontal.

Parallel:           mA*a = mAg*sin(θ) - μAFNA - T  ...(2)

where a is acceleration; μA is coefficient of friction for mass A; T is tension in the bar.

 

Mass B:

Perpendicular:  FNB = mBg*cos(θ)   ...(3)

Parallel:           mB*a = mBg*sin(θ) - μBFNB + T  ...(4)

 

Use (1) in (2) and (3) in (4)

mA*a = mAg*sin(θ) - μAmAg*cos(θ) - T     ...(5)

mB*a = mBg*sin(θ) - μBmBg*cos(θ)  + T   ...(6)

 

Add equations (5) and (6):

(mA + mB)*a = (mA + mB)g*sin(θ) - (μAmA + μBmB)g*cos(θ)

or

a = g*sin(θ) -  (μAmA + μBmB)g*cos(θ)/(mA + mB)   ...(7)

 

Substitute (7) back into (5) or (6) and rearrange to get T.  I'll leave you to do this and to plug in the numbers (you should get something close to a ≈ 3.5m/s2 and T ≈ -25N)

Alan Oct 3, 2014

0 Online Users