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f(x) = x^4 - 4x^2 - 3 is concave down on the interval I = (Approximate your answer to 3 decimal places.)

 Oct 27, 2014

Best Answer 

 #3
avatar+130511 
+5

Thanks, Anonymous....you are correct......I forgot about that!!!

The correct interval is (-√(2/3), √(2/3))

Let me add one proviso to what Anonymous said.......setting the second derivative to 0 and solving only indicates possible  inflection points. For instance...the second derivative of x^4 is 12x^2. Setting this to 0 gives us that x = 0. But this isn't an inflection point because this curve is always concave "up". To see this, pick a point on either side of 0 and "plug" them into the second derivative. Both results will be positive....indicating that the curve is concave "up" on both sides. Thus, there is no inflection point !!!

 

 Oct 27, 2014
 #1
avatar+130511 
+5

f(x) = x^4 - 4x^2 - 3

f'(x) = 4x^3 - 8x

Setting the first derivative to 0 to find the critical points, we have

4x^3 - 8x = 0    factor

4x(x^2 - 2) = 0      and setting each factor to 0 we have    x = 0,  x =±√(2)

And finding the second derivative, f"(x),  we have ....  12x^2 - 8

And "plugging the critical points into this we have

f"(0) = -8    so the curve is concave down at x = 0

And

f"(±√(2)) = 12(2) - 8   = 24-8 = 16, so the curve is concave up at x=  ±√(2)

So, the curve is concave down on  (-√2, √(2 ) = (-1.414, 1.414)

Here's the graph ...https://www.desmos.com/calculator/1ffgrl0kji

 

 Oct 27, 2014
 #2
avatar
+5

Concavity changes at points of inflexion. To find such  points, equate the second derivative to zero.

I think that leads to $$x=\pm\sqrt{2/3}.$$

 Oct 27, 2014
 #3
avatar+130511 
+5
Best Answer

Thanks, Anonymous....you are correct......I forgot about that!!!

The correct interval is (-√(2/3), √(2/3))

Let me add one proviso to what Anonymous said.......setting the second derivative to 0 and solving only indicates possible  inflection points. For instance...the second derivative of x^4 is 12x^2. Setting this to 0 gives us that x = 0. But this isn't an inflection point because this curve is always concave "up". To see this, pick a point on either side of 0 and "plug" them into the second derivative. Both results will be positive....indicating that the curve is concave "up" on both sides. Thus, there is no inflection point !!!

 

CPhill Oct 27, 2014

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