why does the scientific calculator show that (2 1/2) squared is 1, when it is actually 6 1/4?
Because, you are probably doing something wrong. Enter 2 1/2 as 2.5 and press x^2 key followed by = sign to get your answer.
Two ways to solve this.
The long way:
(2+12)2
(2+12)(2+12)
2×2+2×12+2×12+12×12
4+2×12+2×12+12×12
4+22+2×12+12×12
4+1+2×12+12×12
4+1+22+12×12
4+1+1+12×12
4+1+1+14
5+1+14
6+14
244+14
254
614
6.25
The short way:
(2+12)2
(42+12)2
(52)2
5222
2522
254
614
6.25