To begin with, you will need to hire at least 85 employees (to monitor water pollution).
If 27 of these can also monitor air pollution, you will need 73 - 27 = 46 persons who can monitor only air pollution.
So, you will need to hire 85 + 46 = 131 persons.
Another way is to add 85 (water) + 73 (air) to give 158 persons. But since 27 handle both, subtract 27 from 158 to give you 131 persons.
To begin with, you will need to hire at least 85 employees (to monitor water pollution).
If 27 of these can also monitor air pollution, you will need 73 - 27 = 46 persons who can monitor only air pollution.
So, you will need to hire 85 + 46 = 131 persons.
Another way is to add 85 (water) + 73 (air) to give 158 persons. But since 27 handle both, subtract 27 from 158 to give you 131 persons.