2^4 = 16
2 X 2 = 4 X 2 = 8 X 2 =16
4^2 = 16
4X4 = 16
2^3 = 12
2X2 = 4 X 2 = 8
3^2 = 9
3X3 = 9
You multiply the first value by itself the total about of times that its raised to the power. Meaning if you have 5^3, then you would do 5 x 5 = 25 and that value is multiplied by 5 , 25x 5= 125.