I just lost a full post on this, I will try again.
Hi Asinus and yellah,
Let f(x) and g(x) be functions with domain (0,infinity). Suppose f(x)=x^2 and the tangent line to f(x) at x=a is perpendicular to the tangent line to g(x) at x=a for all positive real numbers a. Find all possible functions g(x).
\(\int \frac{1}{x}dx=lnx+c \qquad NOT\qquad \int \frac{1}{x}dx=ln|x|+c\)
BUT x must be in the domain of positive real numbers.
That is why the question specifically states that it is referring only to real positive values of x,
The introduction of the letter 'a' is confusing but all it is saying is that the tangent of f(x) will be perpendicular to the tangent g(x) is true at any specific value of x which is greater than 0.
'a' is used to indicate any specific constant of your choice.
So we have
\(f(x)=x^2\\ g(x)=\frac{-1}{2}\;lnx +c\)
Here is a graph to show this. You can change the values of a and c with the sliders.
https://www.geogebra.org/classic/szy6anvd
Here is just a picture