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Aug 16, 2023
 #2
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To solve this question, you need to use the concept of mixing solutions with different concentrations to achieve a desired concentration. Here's how to start approaching each part:

(a) The goal here is to find the amount of red potion that must be added to a certain amount of blue potion to achieve a specific concentration. Let's denote the amount of red potion to be added as \(x\) mL. The concentration of the red potion is 1 magical syrup per volume, and the concentration of the blue potion is \(\frac{1}{2}\) magical syrup per volume. The final concentration we want is 1 magical syrup per volume.

Set up the equation based on the concentration formula:

\[\text{Concentration} \times \text{Volume} = \text{Concentration} \times \text{Volume}.\]

For the red potion:

\[1 \cdot x = \text{magical syrup in red potion}.\]

For the blue potion:

\[\frac{1}{2} \cdot 100 = \text{magical syrup in blue potion}.\]

Since the total volume after mixing is \(100 + x\) mL, and we want the concentration to be 1 magical syrup per volume, the equation becomes:

\[1 \cdot (100 + x) = (\text{magical syrup in red potion} + \text{magical syrup in blue potion}).\]

Solve for \(x\) using this equation.

(b) Similar to part (a), you need to find the amounts of red potion and blue potion to be combined to achieve a certain concentration. Let \(x\) be the amount of red potion (in mL) and \(y\) be the amount of blue potion (in mL). The concentration of the red potion is 1 magical syrup per volume, the concentration of the blue potion is \(\frac{1}{2}\) magical syrup per volume, and the final concentration is 1 magical syrup per volume.

Set up an equation for the amount of magical syrup:

\[1 \cdot x + \frac{1}{2} \cdot y = 1 \cdot (x + y).\]

Solve for \(y\) in terms of \(x\) using this equation, and then substitute this into the total volume equation to solve for \(x\).

(c) Think about the concentrations involved. If you have a red potion with a concentration of 1 magical syrup per volume and a blue potion with a concentration of \(\frac{1}{2}\) magical syrup per volume, is there any way to combine them to achieve a concentration of 1 magical syrup per volume?

Remember that concentrations represent the amount of magical syrup in a certain volume, and you're trying to mix these concentrations to achieve a desired result.

Aug 16, 2023
 #2
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Aug 16, 2023
 #1
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The vertices of the square are given as complex numbers: $2+i$, $a$, $7-3i$, and $b$. Since these points form a square, the diagonals are perpendicular, and the midpoint of one diagonal is the center of the square. Let's use this information to solve for \(a\) and \(b\).

The midpoint of the diagonal connecting $2+i$ and $7-3i$ can be found as:

\[\text{Midpoint} = \frac{(2+i) + (7-3i)}{2} = \frac{9 - 2i}{2} = \frac{9}{2} - i.\]

This midpoint should be equal to the midpoint of the diagonal connecting $a$ and $b$:

\[\frac{a + b}{2} = \frac{9}{2} - i.\]

From this equation, we can solve for \(b\):

\[b = 9 - 2a - 2i.\]

Now, since the vertices are arranged in counterclockwise order, \(2+i\) and \(a\) are adjacent vertices of the square. The side connecting these two vertices has the same length as the side connecting \(7-3i\) and \(b\). This gives us the following relationship:

\[\|2+i - a\| = \|7-3i - b\|.\]

Substituting the expressions for \(a\) and \(b\), we get:

\[\|2+i - a\| = \|7-3i - (9 - 2a - 2i)\|.\]

Simplify the expressions:

\[\|2+i - a\| = \|2a - 2i\|.\]

Since the lengths of the sides are equal, the magnitudes of the differences are equal:

\[\|2+i - a\| = \|2a - 2i\|.\]

Square both sides of the equation:

\[(2+i - a)(\overline{2+i - a}) = (2a - 2i)(\overline{2a - 2i}).\]

Expand both sides:

\[(2+i - a)(2-i - \bar{a}) = (2a - 2i)(2a + 2i).\]

Simplify further:

\[(4 - a - ai + 2i - 2i + i^2 + \bar{a} - \bar{a}i + a\bar{a}) = (4a^2 - 4i^2).\]

Since \(i^2 = -1\):

\[(4 - 2ai + a^2 + \bar{a} - a\bar{a}) = (4a^2 + 4).\]

Rearrange the terms:

\[(4 + 4a^2) - 2ai + a^2 + \bar{a} - a\bar{a} = 4a^2 + 4.\]

Simplify and collect the real and imaginary terms:

\[5 - 3a^2 - 2ai + \bar{a} - a\bar{a} = 0.\]

Since \(a\) is a real number, \(\bar{a} = a\):

\[5 - 3a^2 - 2ai + a - a^2 = 0.\]

Combine like terms:

\[5 - 4a^2 - 2ai + a = 0.\]

Solve for \(a\):

\[5 - 4a^2 - ai = -a.\]

\[5 - 4a^2 = -ai + a.\]

\[5 - 4a^2 = a(1 - i).\]

\[a = \frac{5 - 4a^2}{1 - i}.\]

Multiply the numerator and denominator by the conjugate of the denominator to rationalize it:

\[a = \frac{(5 - 4a^2)(1 + i)}{(1 - i)(1 + i)}.\]

\[a = \frac{5 + 5i - 4a^2 - 4a^2i}{2}.\]

\[a = \frac{5 - 8a^2 + 5i - 4a^2i}{2}.\]

Equating the real and imaginary parts separately:

\[a = \frac{5 - 8a^2}{2} \quad \text{(real part)},\]
\[a = \frac{5 - 4a^2}{2} \quad \text{(imaginary part)}.\]

Solve each equation for \(a\):

\[5 - 8a^2 = 2a.\]
\[5 - 4a^2 = 2a.\]

For the first equation:

\[8a^2 + 2a - 5 = 0.\]

Using the quadratic formula:

\[a = \frac{-2 \pm \sqrt{2^2 - 4 \cdot 8 \cdot (-5)}}{2 \cdot 8}.\]

Simplify under the square root:

\[a = \frac{-2 \pm \sqrt{4 + 160}}{16}.\]

\[a = \frac{-2 \pm \sqrt{164}}{16}.\]

Since \(164\) is not a perfect square, we'll leave it as is:

\[a = \frac{-2 \pm \sqrt{41} \sqrt{4}}{16}.\]

\[a = \frac{-1 \pm \sqrt{41}}{8}.\]

For the second equation:

\[4a^2 + 2a - 5 = 0.\]

Using the quadratic formula again:

\[a = \frac{-2 \pm \sqrt{2^2 - 4 \cdot 4 \cdot (-5)}}{2 \cdot 4}.\]

Simplify under the square root:

\[a = \frac{-2 \pm \sqrt{4 + 80}}{8}.\]

\[a = \frac{-2 \pm \sqrt{84}}{8}.\]

Since \(84\) is not a perfect square, we'll leave it as is:

\[a = \frac{-2 \pm \sqrt{4} \sqrt{21}}{8}.\]

\[a = \frac{-1 \pm 2\sqrt{21}}{8}.\]

So, the possible values for \(a\) are:

\[a = \frac{-1 + \sqrt{41}}{8}, \quad a = \frac{-1 - \sqrt{41}}{8}, \quad a = \frac{-1 + 2\sqrt{21}}{8}, \quad a = \frac{-1 - 2\sqrt{21}}{8}.\]

Now, we have the expression \(b/a\). Let's find the possible values of \(b\) for each of the values of \(a\):

For \(a = \frac{-1 + \sqrt{41}}{8}\):

\[b = 9 - 2a - 2i = 9 - 2\left(\frac{-1 + \sqrt{41}}{8}\right) - 2i.\]

Simplify:

\[b = \frac{9 + \sqrt{41}}{4} - 2i.\]

For \(a = \frac{-1 - \sqrt{41}}{8}\):

\[b = 9 - 2a - 2i = 9 - 2\left(\frac{-1 - \sqrt{41}}{8}\right) - 2i.\]

Simplify:

\[b = \frac{9 - \sqrt{41}}{4} - 2i.\]

For \(a = \frac{-1 + 2\sqrt{21}}{8}\):

\[b = 9 - 2a - 2i = 9 - 2\left(\frac{-1 + 2\sqrt{21}}{8}\right) - 2i.\]

Simplify:

\[b = \frac{9 + 2\sqrt{21}}{4} - 2i.\]

For \(a = \frac{-1 - 2\sqrt{21}}{8}\):

\[b = 9 - 2a - 2i = 9 - 2\left(\frac{-1 - 2\sqrt{21}}{8}\right) - 2i.\]

Simplify:

\[b = \frac{9 - 2\sqrt{21}}{4} - 2i.\]

So, the possible values of \(b/a\) for each value of \(a\) are:

For \(a = \frac{-1 + \sqrt{41}}{8}\):

\[\frac{b}{a} = \frac{\frac{9 + \sqrt{41}}{4} - 2i}{\frac{-1 + \sqrt{41}}{8}} = \frac{8(9 + \sqrt{41}) - 8(2i)}{4(-1 + \sqrt{41})}.\]

Simplify:

\[\frac{b}{a} = \frac{72 + 8\sqrt{41} - 16i}{-4 + 4\sqrt{41}}.\]

For \(a = \frac{-1 - \sqrt{41}}{8}\):

\[\frac{b}{a} = \frac{\frac{9 - \sqrt{41}}{4} - 2i}{\frac{-1 - \sqrt{41}}{8}} = \frac{8(9 - \sqrt{41}) - 8(2i)}{4(-1 - \sqrt{41})}.\]

Simplify:

\[\frac{b}{a} = \frac{72 - 8\sqrt{41} - 16i}{-4 - 4\sqrt{41}}.\]

For \(a = \frac{-1 + 2\sqrt{21}}{8}\):

\[\frac{b}{a} = \frac{\frac{9 + 2\sqrt{21}}{4} - 2i}{\frac{-1 + 2\sqrt{21}}{8}} = \frac{8(9 + 2\sqrt{21}) - 8(2i)}{4(-1 + 2\sqrt{21})}.\]

Simplify:

\[\frac{b}{a} = \frac{72 + 16\sqrt{21} - 16i}{-4 + 8\sqrt{21}}.\]

For \(a = \frac{-1 - 2\sqrt{21}}{8}\):

\[\frac{b}{a} = \frac{\frac{9 - 2\sqrt{21}}{4} - 2i}{\frac{-1 - 2\sqrt{21}}{8}} = \frac{8(9 - 2\sqrt

{21}) - 8(2i)}{4(-1 - 2\sqrt{21})}.\]

Simplify:

\[\frac{b}{a} = \frac{72 - 16\sqrt{21} - 16i}{-4 - 8\sqrt{21}}.\]

In conclusion, the possible values of \(b/a\) for the given values of \(a\) are:

\[\frac{b}{a} = \frac{72 + 8\sqrt{41} - 16i}{-4 + 4\sqrt{41}}, \quad \frac{b}{a} = \frac{72 - 8\sqrt{41} - 16i}{-4 - 4\sqrt{41}}, \quad \frac{b}{a} = \frac{72 + 16\sqrt{21} - 16i}{-4 + 8\sqrt{21}}, \quad \frac{b}{a} = \frac{72 - 16\sqrt{21} - 16i}{-4 - 8\sqrt{21}}.\]

Aug 16, 2023

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