18. Figure: http://imgur.com/a/euSF9
In the figure, ABCD is a rhombus. E is a point on BC such that AE⊥BC, cos B = 4/5 and EC = 2. P is a point on AB. Find the least value of PE + PC.
I worked my way through this....[ well, almost ].....I believe that P minimizes PE + PC when
P = (256/45 , 64/15 )
To start, we need to find the coordinates of E and C.....let B = (0, 0)
And since cosB = 4/5, then BE / AB = 4/5 → BE = (4/5)AB and EC = 2
And BC = AB....so
(4/5)AB + 2 = AB
2 = (1/5)AB → AB =10 = BC......so BE = 8
So E = (8,0) and C = (10,0)....and ABE is a 6, 8, 10 right triangle, with A = (8,6)....therefore, the tanB = 6/8 = 3/4....and for any point x on P, y =(3/4)x
So......we have this
D = PE + PC
D = √[ (x - 8)^2 + [(3/4)x]^2 ] + √[ (x - 10)^2 + [(3/4)x]^2 ]
D = √[ (x^2 - 16x + 64 + (9/16)x^2 ] + √[ (x^2 - 20x + 100 + (9/16)x^2 ]
D = √[ (25/16)x^2 - 16x + 64 ] + √[ (25/16)x^2 - 20x + 100 ]
So.....taking the derivative, we have
D' = [ (25/8)x - 16] / √[ (25/16)x^2 - 16x + 64 ] + [ (25/8)x - 20] / √[ (25/16)x^2 - 20x + 100 ]
Set this = 0 and solve for x...[ I let WolframAlpha do the heavy lifting here.....if I have time tomorrow, I might see if I can go through the messy Algebra associated with this....but....I'm not promising anything.........I know you're not supposed to use CAS help....but I'm not in the competition....!!! ]
Anyway....setting to 0 and solving for x should result in
P = [x, (3/4)x ] = (256/45 , 64/15 )