It is also possible to use knowledge of difference and sum of squares and cubes to find all the possible solutions.
\(x^6=64\) | Move 64 to the other side. | |||||||
\(x^6-64=0\) | This can be written as a difference of squares. | |||||||
\(\left(x^3\right)^2-8^2=0\) | Since this is a difference of squares, factor it as such. | |||||||
\((x^3+8)(x^3-8)=0\) | Notice how both binomials are now difference and sum of cubes. Factor both completely. | |||||||
\((x+2)(x^2-2x+4)(x-2)(x^2+2x+4)=0\) | Now, set each factor equal to zero and solve. Let's do the easy ones first. | |||||||
| Now, let's tackle the harder ones. | |||||||
| Neither trinomial can be factored, so we will have to rely on other methods. I'll use the quadratic formula in this case. | |||||||
| Simplify both completely. | |||||||
| Now, convert the square root of a negative number to the simplest form in terms in i. | |||||||
| In both cases, the numerator and denominator both have common factors of two. | |||||||
| Since the original equation is written in the sixth degree, I know that the maximum number of roots equals the degree, or 6. This means I have found every root. | |||||||
Let's consolidate those roots together.
\(x_{1,2}=\pm 2\\ x_{3,4}=1\pm i\sqrt{3}\\ x_{5,6}=-1\pm i\sqrt{3}\)
.After thinking about this one for quite some time, I think that I have found the magical conjugate: \(3^\frac{1}{3}-1\).
First of all, I will convert all the radicals to exponential form.
\(\frac{2*9^\frac{1}{3}}{1+3^\frac{1}{3}+9^\frac{1}{3}}\)
Now, let's use the magical conjugate.
\(\frac{2*9^\frac{1}{3}}{1+3^\frac{1}{3}+9^\frac{1}{3}}*\frac{3^\frac{1}{3}-1}{3^\frac{1}{3}-1}\) | Let's simplify the denominator first just to prove that this conjugate is indeed as magical as I claim. |
\(\left(1+3^\frac{1}{3}+9^\frac{1}{3}\right)\left(3^\frac{1}{3}-1\right)\) | Let's do the distributing of every term. |
\(1*3^\frac{1}{3}-1*1+3^\frac{1}{3}*3^\frac{1}{3}-1*3^\frac{1}{3}+9^\frac{1}{3}*3^\frac{1}{3}-1*9^\frac{1}{3}\) | This looks pretty menacing. Let's just simplify this monstrosity somewhat. |
\(3^\frac{1}{3}-1+\left(3^\frac{1}{3}\right)^2-3^\frac{1}{3}+9^\frac{1}{3}*3^\frac{1}{3}-9^\frac{1}{3}\) | This still does not look very nice. There is some cancelling that can occur here. |
\(-1+3^\frac{2}{3}+\left(3^2\right)^\frac{1}{3}*3^\frac{1}{3}-\left(3^2\right)^\frac{1}{3}\) | It is wise here to make every exponential term in the same base. This will allow the computation to occur. Let's continue simplifying to see what will happen. |
\(-1+3^\frac{2}{3}*3^\frac{1}{3}-3^\frac{2}{3}\) | Look at that! More exponential terms are cancelling out. In fact, they are all going away! |
\(-1+3\) | |
\(2\) | |
That's a glorious realization to make, huh? The magical conjugate has transformed such a complex denominator into something extraordinarily simple. Let's calculate the numerator now.
\(\left(2*9^\frac{1}{3}\right)\left(3^\frac{1}{3}-1\right)\) | Once again, convert all exponents to common bases and distribute. |
\(9^\frac{1}{3}=\left(3^2\right)^\frac{1}{3}=3^\frac{2}{3}\\ 2*3^\frac{2}{3}*3^\frac{1}{3}-1*2*3^\frac{2}{3}\) | Notice how the multiplication involves a common base, so you can add the exponents together. |
\(2*3-2*3^\frac{2}{3}\) | Let's bring back that denominator of 2! |
\(\frac{2*3-2*3^\frac{2}{3}}{2}\) | Of couse, if both terms in the numerator has a factor of 2, like here, then we can simplify further. |
\(3-3^\frac{2}{3}\\ 3-\sqrt[3]{3^2}\Rightarrow 3-\sqrt[3]{9}\) | Since the problem was given in radical form, it is generally considered good form to remain consistent and provide the answer in radical form, too. |