8)Circle O is tangent to AB at A, and angle ABD = 90 degrees. If AB = 12 and CD = 18, find the radius of the circle.
We have the secant-tangent theorem, first
AB^2 = CB (CB + CD)
12^2 = CB^2 + 18CB
CB^2 + 18CB - 144 = 0 factor as
(CB - 6) ( CB + 18) = 0
The frist answer gives the positive answer for CB - 6 = 0 ⇒ CB = 6
Draw AC ......and the tangent of angle BAC = 6/12 = 1/2
So arctan (1/2) = BAC....and minor arc AC is twice this = 2 arctan (1/2)
And AC = √ ( BA^2 + BC^2) = √ (12^2 + 6^2) = √ (144 + 36) = √160
Draw OC and OA and angle COA = minor arc AC = 2 arctan (1/2)
Using the Law of Cosines to find the radius.....we have that
160 = 2r^2 - 2r^2 * cos (2 arctan (1/2) )
Let cos (2arctan(1/2) ) = 1 - 2sin^2 ( arctan(1/2) ) ⇒ sin (arctan (1/2) ) = 1/ √5 ....so we have
1 - 2(1/√5)^2 = 1 - 2/5 = 3/5 = .6
160 = 2r^2 - 2r^2 (.6)
160 = r^2 ( 2 - 1.2)
160 = r^2 (.8)
200 = r^2
r = √200 = 10√2