(a) We can use a system here to solve this.
Let x=amount of red potion used
Let y=total amount of potion in solution
200 + x = y
0.15(200) + 0.75x = 0.25y
.15(200) because 15% of the blue potion=.15 and there is 200mL.
.75x because 75% of the red potion=.75 and there is x amount of it
.25y because we want 25% of the total potion=.25 and there is y amount of it
We can substitute for y in the second equation:
0.15(200) + 0.75x = 0.25(200 + x)
Simplify:
30 + 0.75x = 50 + 0.25x
-20 = -0.5x
x = 40
Knowing that x=40, we know that y=240, meaning our answer is 240.
b.) We can again use a system for this problem
Let x=Amount of red potion
Let y=Amount of blue potion
x + y = 400
0.3(400) = 0.15y + 0.75x
.3(400)=30% of the 400 mL
.15y=15% of the magic syrup
.75x=75% of the magic syrup
We can substitute for x in this equation:
120 = 0.15y + 0.75(400 - y)
Simplify:
120 = 0.15y + 300 - 0.75y
-180 = -0.6y
y = 300, x = 100
There are 300 mL of blue potion used and 100 mL of red potion used.
c.) Let x=amount of red potion
Let y=amount of blue potion
0.15x + 0.75y = 0.35(x + y)
.35(x+y) because the total amount of the potion is x+y
Simplify:
0.15x + 0.75y = 0.35x + 0.35y
0.4y = 0.2x
2y = x
Whenever there is a ratio of 2 (blue potion):1 (red potion), there will be a 35% amount of magical syrup.
For example, 200 mL of blue potion and 100 mL of red potion would work.