Here are a few to be going on with:
(a) (i) Distribute the 2 over the other terms (i.e. just multiply the terms in brackets by 2): 2a + 4b - 6c
(ii) Doesn't show clearly in my browser.
(b) Just use the calculator.
(c) Factors of 24: A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24}
Factors of 30: B = {1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 15, 30}
A ∪ B means the union of A and B: A ∪ B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 24, 30}
A ∩ B means the intersection of A and B (i.e. the items that are common to both): A ∩ B = {1, 2, 3, 6}
A - B means the items that are left when you take away from A any items that are also in B: A - B = {4, 8, 12, 24}
I assume n(A) means the number of items in A:
n(A) = 8, n(B) = 8, n(A ∪ B) = 12, n(A ∩ B) = 4, n(A - B) = 4
n(A) - n(A ∩ B) = 8 - 4 = 4 = n(A - B)
n(A ∪ B) - n(B) = 12 - 8 = 4 = n(A - B)
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