Wow! This pattern that you have displayed actually continues past 7, actually, as I discovered just now. You just have to perform an intermediary manipulation.
\(142857*8=1142856\Rightarrow1+142856=142857\)
\(142857*9=1285713\Rightarrow1+285713=285714\)
\(142857*10=1428570\Rightarrow1+428570=428571\)
It seems to be that any multiple of 7 results in the 999999 result while anything else results in this "cyclic" property.
\(142857*77=10999989\Rightarrow10+999989=999999\)
Here are a few arbitrary attempts I tried to see if the pattern maintained itself. To my relief, it does.
\(142857*43=6142851\Rightarrow6+142851=142857\)
\(142857*6807=972427599\Rightarrow972+427599=428571\)
\(142857*142857=20408122449\Rightarrow20408+122449=142857\)
Amazingly, this pattern maintains itself for incredibly large multipliers. It requires more manipulation, though. This is incredible!
\(142857*758241142857=108320054945122449\Rightarrow108320054945+122449=108320177394\\ 108320177394\Rightarrow108320+177394=285714 \)
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